1 Kings 3:15

Authorized King James Version

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And Solomon awoke; and, behold, it was a dream. And he came to Jerusalem, and stood before the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and offered up burnt offerings, and offered peace offerings, and made a feast to all his servants.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּקַ֥ץ awoke H3364
וַיִּקַ֥ץ awoke
Strong's: H3364
Word #: 1 of 19
to awake (intransitive)
שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה And Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה And Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 2 of 19
shelomah, david's successor
וְהִנֵּ֣ה H2009
וְהִנֵּ֣ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 3 of 19
lo!
חֲל֑וֹם and behold it was a dream H2472
חֲל֑וֹם and behold it was a dream
Strong's: H2472
Word #: 4 of 19
a dream
וַיָּב֨וֹא And he came H935
וַיָּב֨וֹא And he came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 5 of 19
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֜ם to Jerusalem H3389
יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֜ם to Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 6 of 19
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֣ד׀ and stood H5975
וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֣ד׀ and stood
Strong's: H5975
Word #: 7 of 19
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
לִפְנֵ֣י׀ before H6440
לִפְנֵ֣י׀ before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 8 of 19
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אֲר֣וֹן the ark H727
אֲר֣וֹן the ark
Strong's: H727
Word #: 9 of 19
a box
בְּרִית of the covenant H1285
בְּרִית of the covenant
Strong's: H1285
Word #: 10 of 19
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
אֲדֹנָ֗י H136
אֲדֹנָ֗י
Strong's: H136
Word #: 11 of 19
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
וַיַּ֤עַל and offered up H5927
וַיַּ֤עַל and offered up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 12 of 19
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
עֹלוֹת֙ burnt offerings H5930
עֹלוֹת֙ burnt offerings
Strong's: H5930
Word #: 13 of 19
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and made H6213
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 14 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
שְׁלָמִ֔ים peace offerings H8002
שְׁלָמִ֔ים peace offerings
Strong's: H8002
Word #: 15 of 19
properly, requital, i.e., a (voluntary) sacrifice in thanks
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and made H6213
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 16 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה a feast H4960
מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה a feast
Strong's: H4960
Word #: 17 of 19
drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally) feast
לְכָל H3605
לְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 18 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עֲבָדָֽיו׃ to all his servants H5650
עֲבָדָֽיו׃ to all his servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 19 of 19
a servant

Analysis & Commentary

And Solomon awoke; and, behold, it was a dream. And he came to Jerusalem, and stood before the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and offered up burnt offerings, and offered peace offerings, and made a feast to all his servants.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's wisdom and the famous judgment, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. God's covenant faithfulness remains steadfast despite human unfaithfulness, ultimately fulfilled in the new covenant through Christ.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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